Enterprise Services CBP
contact information for Ryan J. Scudder:
**Mailing Address:**
Ryan J. Scudder
℅ Office of the Executive Assistant Commissioner, Enterprise Services
U.S. Customs and Border Protection
1300 Pennsylvania Avenue Northwest
Washington, District of Columbia, 20004
United States³
**Email:**r***@cbp.dhs.gov³
Please note that the email address has been partially redacted to protect privacy. If you need the full email address, it’s typically available on official government websites or through direct contact with the agency. Let me know if there’s anything else I can assist you with!
Source: Conversation with Bing, 2024-05-09
(1) Ryan Scudder – Executive Assistant & Commissioner at Department of …. https://www.zoominfo.com/p/Ryan-Scudder/-1266237096.
(2) Executive Assistant Commissioners’ Offices | U.S. Customs and Border …. https://www.cbp.gov/about/leadership-organization/executive-assistant-commissioners-offices.
(3) Executive Assistant Commissioner Ryan J. Scudder, Enterprise Services. https://www.cbp.gov/about/leadership-organization/executive-assistant-commissioners-offices/enterprise-services.
(4) BORDER SECURITY 2022 | gtscdays. https://www.gtscdays.online/bordersecurity2022.
(5) Ryan Scudder – Homeland Security Defense Forum. https://www.hsdf.org/event_speakers/ryan-scudder/.
________________________________________________________
Homeland Security and Defense Forum 6th Annual Border Security Symposium_
https://www.hsdf.org/hsdf-events/event-archive/bss-2023/
#RecordsRequestCBP #Helpraymond #Helpsophia @MalikaDulce
We sent a records request to the Customs and Border Protection Agency and this is their response:
An individual’s request for information pertaining to him or herself is processed under both the FOIA and the PA to afford maximum access to records. Because you have asked for copies of records about yourself, we must verify your identity to ensure that your personal information is not released to anyone other than you or someone you properly designate. The DHS FOIA regulations at 6 C.F.R. Part 5 § 5.3(a) require verification of your identity, including your full name, current address and date and place of birth.
In addition, your request must be made in writing, must contain your signature, and should either be notarized or contain a statement made under penalty of perjury as required by 28 U.S.C. §1746. Because you have not provided this documentation, your request is not a proper FOIA request, and we are unable to initiate searching for responsive records.
This is not a denial of your request, however this request will be administratively closed. Please submit a new FOIA request, along with the required information, via your SecureRelease account, and notate this case number in your request. If you do not have a SecureRelease account, it is strongly encouraged that you create one, as it is the most efficient way to submit requests, receive correspondence and receive responsive records.
Please note that this message has been sent from an unmonitored e-mail account. Any messages sent to this account will not be read.
Sincerely,
U.S. Customs and Border Protection
Comments:
o they are requesting that you prove you are an agent
@ulyssesstephengrant@gmail we are going to send a complaint and would appreciate feed back: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1OKL23sGrwyMBFEHNV5buDJUf2nzajFLptEASI09HZVg/edit?usp=sharing
Notice: Complaint in response to the records request
@MG
LOL i would take a photo of myself put my calling on it.. the same can be done for “gov id”. and is NOT guarentee that it is me. so then what “you” are saying is you have no records responsive to my request. (my smart ass comment back to them). also the request is that THEY provide the documentation that one IS a government agent, officer, employee. probably not helpful. but its crazy sometimes what they come back with.
@MG they took my phote at the border and put it on one of their documents…
M#69
@MG they have a code that says a homemade ID out ranks a goobermint one but i do not remember the code is it 28 something?
Question everything 3x
An “individual’s”… Sounds like an agent. Tell them you’re the beneficiary and not the trustee.
_______________________________________________
#searches #siezures #FourthAmendment #GrandJuryIndictment #TSOs #TSA #USCBPDHS #LeuthauservUnitedStates @kingzelanteam
Because I need to read and hear material to get it to stick i’ve been transcribing the advanced court strategy zoom call from Friday March 23rd. and doing research for our case with the border goons. During this court strategy class Malika goes over the case against a TSO for rape: Leuthauser v. United States #02232024 link to the google doc is below:
The **Fourth Amendment** of the **United States Constitution** safeguards individuals from **unreasonable searches and seizures** by the government. Here are the key points:
1. **Text of the Fourth Amendment**:
– The Fourth Amendment states:
> “The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized.”
2. **Explanation**:
– The Fourth Amendment ensures that individuals have the right to be free from arbitrary and invasive government actions.
– It applies to various scenarios:
– **Searches**: Government officials (such as law enforcement) cannot search a person, their property, or belongings without a **warrant** or **probable cause**.
– **Seizures**: The government cannot seize property or individuals without proper justification.
– The amendment emphasizes the importance of **specificity** in search warrants, requiring them to describe the place to be searched and the items or persons to be seized.
3. **Reasonableness Standard**:
– The Fourth Amendment is not an absolute prohibition on searches and seizures. It balances individual rights with the government’s need for law enforcement.
– Courts evaluate whether a search or seizure is **reasonable** based on the circumstances, such as the presence of probable cause or exigent circumstances.
4. **Exceptions**:
– While the Fourth Amendment protects against unreasonable actions, there are exceptions:
– **Consent**: Individuals can voluntarily consent to searches.
– **Exigent Circumstances**: Immediate threats or emergencies may justify warrantless searches.
– *Plain View Doctrine*: If evidence is in plain view, it may be seized without a warrant.
– *Search Incident to Arrest*: Law enforcement can search an arrested person and their immediate surroundings.
– *Automobile Exception*: Vehicles have reduced privacy rights due to their mobility.
– *Border Searches*: Different rules apply at international borders and airports.
5. *Impact*:
– The Fourth Amendment plays a crucial role in protecting privacy, preventing abuse of power, and ensuring due process.
– Court decisions continually shape its interpretation and application.
In summary, the Fourth Amendment guards against unreasonable government intrusion, emphasizing the need for warrants, probable cause, and specificity in searches and seizures. 📜🔍🔒
For more detailed information, you can explore the [Constitution Annotated](https://constitution.congress.gov/constitution/amendment-4/) provided by the Library of Congress¹. 🇺🇸
Source: Conversation with Bing, 2024-03-08
(1) U.S. Constitution – Fourth Amendment | Resources | Constitution …. https://constitution.congress.gov/constitution/amendment-4/.
(2) Fourth Amendment – Search and Seizure | Constitution Center. https://constitutioncenter.org/the-constitution/amendments/amendment-iv.
(3) The Fourth Amendment – Unreasonable Search and Seizure – Findlaw. https://constitution.findlaw.com/amendment4.html.
(4) What Does the Fourth Amendment Mean? | United States Courts. https://www.uscourts.gov/about-federal-courts/educational-resources/about-educational-outreach/activity-resources/what-does-0.
(5) Fourth Amendment | U.S. Constitution | US Law | LII / Legal Information …. https://www.law.cornell.edu/constitution/fourth_amendment.
_________________________________________
The **border search exception** allows searches and seizures at **international borders** and their functional equivalent without a warrant or probable cause. Here are the relevant legal aspects: (a lie)
1. **Federal Statutory and Regulatory Framework**:
– While law enforcement searches and seizures within the interior of the United States typically require a judicial warrant supported by probable cause, federal officers may conduct routine inspections and searches of persons attempting to cross the international border without a warrant or any particularized suspicion of unlawful activity¹.
– The **Customs Act 1901 (Cth)** provides the main power for border officials to search goods being carried by passengers without a warrant³.
2. **Fourth Amendment and Reasonableness**:
– The **Fourth Amendment** to the U.S. Constitution forbids unreasonable government searches and seizures of “the people,” and this limitation extends to searches conducted at the border.
– The touchstone of the Fourth Amendment is the **reasonableness** of a search¹.
3. **Border Searches and Their Functional Equivalent**:
– The border search exception applies not only to physical international borders but also to areas considered the **functional equivalent** of the border.
– Generally, searches within **100 miles of the border** are more permissible without a warrant than those conducted elsewhere in the U.S.².
4. **Routine and Nonroutine Searches**:
– Routine searches at the border include inspections of persons, vehicles, and luggage as part of standard border security procedures.
– Nonroutine searches may involve more intrusive measures, such as invasive body searches or extensive examination of electronic devices.
5. **Other Exceptions Relevant to Encounters Near the Border**:
– Besides the border search exception, there are additional exceptions to the Fourth Amendment’s warrant requirement that may apply near the border.
– These include **warrantless arrests** and **government searches beyond the border and its functional equivalent**¹.
In summary, the border search exception allows for searches and seizures at international borders and their functional equivalent without a warrant, balancing security needs with individual rights. 🌎🔍🛂
For more detailed information, you can explore the [CRS Reports](https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/r/r46601) provided by the Congressional Research Service¹. 🇺🇸
Source: Conversation with Bing, 2024-03-08
(1) Searches and Seizures at the Border and the Fourth Amendment – CRS Reports. https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/r/r46601.
(2) The ABF’s Powers to Search and Seize Electronic Devices, Require …. https://nswcourts.com.au/articles/the-abfs-powers-to-search-and-seize-electronic-devices-require-passwords-and-copy-data/.
(3) Border search exception – Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_search_exception.
___________________________________
We said to Bing AI: “Did you know that there is no exception for any border search to be conducted on people crossing the border without probable cause as seen in the recent case Leuthauser v. United States? “Further, given the intrusion involved in TSA screenings, our case law explicitly recognizes them as Read it with me guys.. searches under the Fourth Amendment” A Fourth Amendment search requires a Grand Jury Indictment!”!”
Thank you for bringing up the recent case of **Leuthauser v. United States**. Let’s delve into the details:
1. **Leuthauser v. United States**:
– In this case, plaintiff **Michele Leuthauser** alleged that a **Transportation Security Administration (TSA)** employee, **Anita Serrano**, sexually assaulted her during an airport security screening at Las Vegas International Airport.
– Leuthauser claimed that Serrano conducted an inappropriate pat-down, which included digital penetration and fondling, causing severe distress.
– The incident raised constitutional questions related to the Fourth Amendment and the reasonableness of TSA screenings¹.
2. **Fourth Amendment and Border Searches**:
– The **Fourth Amendment** protects individuals from unreasonable searches and seizures by the government.
– However, the **border search exception** allows for searches and seizures at international borders and their functional equivalent without a warrant or probable cause.
– The Supreme Court has ruled that while body cavity searches at the border do not require a warrant, they do require **”reasonable suspicion”** that the traveler is carrying contraband in their body².
3. **TSA Screenings and the Fourth Amendment**:
– TSA screenings fall within the category of administrative searches conducted for security purposes.
– Courts have recognized that TSA screenings are not criminal investigative searches but rather administrative procedures aimed at ensuring aviation safety.
– While they involve intrusion, they are considered **reasonable** under the Fourth Amendment due to their purpose and context¹.
4. **Grand Jury Indictment and Fourth Amendment**:
– The Fourth Amendment does not require a **grand jury indictment** for searches or seizures.
– Grand jury indictments are relevant in criminal proceedings, but they are not a prerequisite for all searches.
– The Fourth Amendment focuses on the reasonableness of government actions and the protection of individual rights.
In summary, the Fourth Amendment balances individual rights with the government’s need for security. While border searches and TSA screenings involve intrusion, courts recognize their reasonableness in specific contexts. 🛂🔍🔒
For more detailed information, you can explore the [Leuthauser v. United States case](https://casetext.com/case/leuthauser-v-united-states-2) and related legal analyses¹. 🇺🇸⚖️.
Source: Conversation with Bing, 2024-03-08
(1) Leuthauser v. United States, 576 F. Supp. 3d 806 | Casetext Search …. https://casetext.com/case/leuthauser-v-united-states-2.
(2) Fact or Fiction: Border Agents Do Not Need Probable Cause to Search You …. https://bing.com/search?q=Leuthauser+v.+United+States+border+search+without+probable+cause.
(3) Fact or Fiction: Border Agents Do Not Need Probable Cause to Search You …. https://www.robertreeveslaw.com/blog/border-search/.
(4) Border Searches for Investigatory Purposes: Implementing a Border Nexus …. https://mjlr.org/2021/06/03/border-searches-for-investigatory-purposes-implementing-a-border-nexus-standard/.
(5) LEUTHAUSER v. UNITED STATES (2023) | FindLaw. https://caselaw.findlaw.com/court/us-9th-circuit/114485796.html.
Malika: “Further, given the intrusion involved in TSA screenings, our case law explicitly recognizes them as Read it with me guys.. searches under the Fourth Amendment, OK. Whenever we pass through there it is a Fourth Amendment search. And what’s required in the 4th Amendment search?”
Sunny: “Probable cause.”
Malika: “Where do where do they get that probable cause from?”
Everyone: “Grand Jury Indictment!”
Malika: “A Grand f-in Jury Indictment!”
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1LNNRdOUP1wWCK2ncvL1mjFBFw1qonBuxYHobLEhzGzM/edit?usp=sharing
Comments:
Good stuff here. Thanks for transcribing it. #tsa #4thamendment
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2
@QuestionEverything2x I have been transcribing most of the classes because my brain needs to hear the information and read it to learn it. Am not quite finished transcribing with full notes.. will be done tomorrow.. then will get down to really studying all the information gathered..
M369
@sophia i watched another video on how using AI does nothing but makes it stronger and that AI is the devil and people keep using it! The guy said what i have said, each tyme you use it, it learns something about you! jus sayin’ Itj’s just like the spying phones, people keep wanting the next new thing! Will stand in lines for a week to be the first to get! So what do they do they build more powerful ones that cause cancer now! So, the saying we get what we deserve by keep using what they give. Had we stopped at the flip phone we would of been much better off, but people always want easier.
Question Everything 3x
So do you understand now the reason for the hijacking hoaxes and bombings on airplanes to put the fear of God into people that they’re begging for everybody to be searched so they can be safe. Funny how all those false flags haven’t happened again. Oh, yeah, it’s all the safety measures (tongue in cheek).
Sophia
@Quesiton everything 3x we woke up to it all on November 3, 2000, with a metaphysical experience. Much like a near death experience without the death part of it and was revealed many things…. ❤
1 m
M369: Cause and effect, they get off on people being violated.
1 m
malika They never have warrants nor probable cause to search the sovereign people at TSA checkpoints!
@ timestamp 2:27:27 Am woman: “Wow. And they keep doing it.”
Malika: “Well, nobody is saying I’m not a person. I am not the subject of the Aviation Security Act.”
_______________________________________________________
#Title14 #CoastGuard #agreementwithneighbors #keepingthepeace
#vessels #vehicles #aircraft [edited]
Stephen had said, “14 Stat 178 vessels, vehicles, and aircrafts on the Tuesday Court Strategy zoom 03232024 and we were looking it up so the following is discovery from today’s research
**Title 14, Section 178** of the **United States Code** covers various topics related to **charges**. Let’s delve into the details:
1. **Registration of Charges**:
– Section **197** deals with the **registration of charges**. It outlines the process for recording charges against land titles.
– This includes aspects such as registering the person creating the charge, subcharges, and assignments of charges¹.
2. **Judgments**:
– Section **210** specifies that judgments should be registered in the same manner as charges. It also covers the registration of assignments of judgments and related forms¹.
3. **Certificates of Pending Litigation**:
– Section **215** addresses the registration of **certificates of pending litigation** (CPL) in a manner similar to charges.
– CPLs are filed when there is a legal dispute affecting the title to land¹.
4. **Statutory Rights of Way, Covenants, and Easements**:
– Sections **218** to **223** cover topics such as **statutory rights of way**, **covenants**, and **subdivision of dominant tenements**¹.
5. **Party Wall Agreements**:
– Sections **223.1** and **223.2** define and establish the binding effect of **party wall agreements**¹.
6. **Mortgages**:
– Sections **224** to **231** address various aspects of **mortgages**, including their definition, form, standard terms, and filing requirements¹.
7. **General Instruments**:
– Sections **232** to **237** pertain to **general instruments**, covering definitions, forms, standard terms, and the release of registered charges¹.
Remember that this information is based on legal provisions, and if you need further clarification or specific details, consulting legal experts or the original statute is advisable. 📜🏢🔍
Source: Conversation with Bing, 2024-03-08
(1) Land Title Act Part 14 (ss. 197 To 237)—Charges – LTSA. https://ltpm.ltsa.ca/land-title-act-part-14-ss-197-237-charges.
(2) USS Permit (SS-178) – Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Permit_%28SS-178%29.
(3) TITLE 14—COAST GUARD – House. https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?path=/prelim@title14&edition=prelim.
_______________________________________
More ideas we never considered:
A **Party Wall Agreement** is a legal arrangement that outlines the rights and responsibilities of property owners who share a common wall or other common structure. Here are the key points:
1. **Definition**:
– A **party wall agreement**, also known as a **party wall award**, pertains to shared walls, boundaries, or structures between adjacent properties.
– It addresses situations where two properties (such as townhomes, duplexes, or commercial structures) have a common wall or other structural element⁴.
2. **Purpose**:
– The primary purpose of a party wall agreement is to **resolve or prevent disputes** arising from building work that could impact the structural integrity of neighboring properties.
– It serves as a formal notice to the owners of adjoining properties, informing them about planned construction or alterations that may affect the shared wall or structure³.
3. **Contents of the Agreement**:
– The party wall agreement should **clearly define**:
– Which party is **obligated to maintain** the wall.
– The **repercussions** if the wall is not properly maintained.
– Typically, the agreement requires both owners to maintain their respective portions of the wall in concert¹.
4. **Common Scenarios**:
– Party walls are often taken for granted, especially in rental units where shared walls are common.
– However, consider scenarios such as row houses or commercial buildings sharing walls. In such cases, determining ownership and responsibilities becomes crucial.
– Issues related to shared walls often arise unexpectedly, emphasizing the importance of having a clear agreement in place¹.
5. **Legal Implications**:
– When disputes occur, having a party wall agreement can prevent conflicts and provide a framework for resolution.
– These agreements address matters such as maintenance, repairs, and alterations to the shared structure.
– Lenders may also require a party wall agreement when refinancing a property with shared walls¹.
Remember that party wall agreements help maintain neighborly relations and ensure the safety and stability of shared structures. If you have any further questions, feel free to ask! 🏢🔍.
Source: Conversation with Bing, 2024-03-08
(1) What are Party Wall Agreements and When Are They Required?. https://www.den.uk.com/guides-blog/what-are-party-wall-agreements-and-when-are-they-required.
(2) Party Wall Agreements: Everything You Need to Know. https://www.tereynarchitects.com/blog/party-wall-agreements-everything-you-need-to-know.
(3) Party Wall Agreement – What is It and Why is It Important?. https://www.trelora.com/blog/what-is-a-party-wall-agreement/.
(4) Key Considerations For Party Wall Agreements – Vail, PLLC. https://www.vailpllc.com/news/key-considerations-for-party-wall-agreements.
(5) Understanding Party Wall Agreements In The City Of Toronto. https://urbaneer.com/blog/understanding_party_wall_agreements_in_the_city_of_toronto.
(6) en.wikipedia.org. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Party_wall.
_________________________
The following is the Bing ai search after we typed, “vessels, vehicles, and aircraft”
Certainly! **19 U.S. Code § 1433** addresses the reporting of arrivals for **vessels, vehicles, and aircraft** within the United States. Let’s explore the details:
1. **Vessel Arrival**:
– **Vessels** arriving at any port or place within the United States or the Virgin Islands must be reported immediately.
– This includes:
– Vessels arriving from a foreign port or place.
– Foreign vessels arriving from a domestic port.
– U.S. vessels carrying foreign merchandise without entry.
– Vessels that have visited a hovering vessel or received merchandise while outside the territorial sea.
– The master of the vessel must report the arrival at the nearest customs facility or as prescribed by regulations¹.
2. **Vehicle Arrival**:
– Vehicles may arrive in the United States only at designated **border crossing points**.
– Upon arrival at a border crossing point, the person in charge of the vehicle must:
– Report the arrival.
– Present the vehicle, passengers, and merchandise (including baggage) for inspection to the customs officer at the designated customs facility¹.
3. **Aircraft Arrival**:
– Pilots of **aircraft arriving in the United States** from foreign airports or places must comply with advance notification, arrival reporting, and landing requirements as prescribed by regulation¹.
4. **Presentation of Documentation**:
– The master of a vessel, person in charge of a vehicle, or aircraft pilot must present relevant information, data, documents, papers, or manifests to the Customs Service as prescribed by regulation¹.
5. **Departures and Discharge**:
– Unless otherwise authorized by law, a vessel, aircraft, or vehicle after arriving in the United States or the Virgin Islands may:
– Depart from the port, place, or airport of arrival.
– Discharge passengers or merchandise (including baggage) in accordance with regulations¹.
Remember that these provisions ensure proper reporting, inspection, and compliance for vessels, vehicles, and aircraft arriving in the United States. 🛳️🚗🛩️
Source: Conversation with Bing, 2024-03-08
(1) 19 U.S. Code § 1433 – Report of arrival of vessels, vehicles, and aircraft. https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/19/1433.
(2) Harmonized Tariff Schedule. https://hts.usitc.gov/.
(3) 19 U.S.C. § 1433 (2021) – Report of arrival of vessels, vehicles, and …. https://law.justia.com/codes/us/2021/title-19/chapter-4/subtitle-iii/part-ii/sec-1433/.
(4) List of equipment of the United States Coast Guard – Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_equipment_of_the_United_States_Coast_Guard.
(5) 19 USC 1433: Report of arrival of vessels, vehicles, and aircraft – House. https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=%28title:19%20section:1433%20edition:prelim%29.
___________________________________________________
Rule 1037 – Judgment Upon Default or Admission
_____________________________________________________
#HomelandSecurityAct2002 #definitions #terrorism [edited]
SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.
In this Act, the following definitions apply:
(1) Each of the terms ‘‘American homeland’’ and ‘‘homeland’’
means the United States.
(2) The term ‘‘appropriate congressional committee’’ means
any committee of the House of Representatives or the Senate
having legislative or oversight jurisdiction under the Rules
of the House of Representatives or the Senate, respectively,
over the matter concerned.
(3) The term ‘‘assets’’ includes contracts, facilities, property,
records, unobligated or unexpended balances of appropriations,
and other funds or resources (other than personnel).
(4) The term ‘‘critical infrastructure’’ has the meaning given
that term in section 1016(e) of Public Law 107–56 (42 U.S.C.
5195c(e)).
(5) The term ‘‘Department’’ means the Department of
Homeland Security.
(6) The term ‘‘emergency response providers’’ includes Federal, State, and local emergency public safety, law enforcement,
emergency response, emergency medical (including hospital
emergency facilities), and related personnel, agencies, and
authorities.
(7) The term ‘‘executive agency’’ means an executive agency
and a military department, as defined, respectively, in sections
105 and 102 of title 5, United States Code.
(8) The term ‘‘functions’’ includes authorities, powers,
rights, privileges, immunities, programs, projects, activities,
duties, and responsibilities.
6 USC 101.
VerDate 11-MAY-2000 22:55 Dec 10, 2002 Jkt 019139 PO 00296 Frm 00006 Fmt 6580 Sfmt 6581 E:\PUBLAW\PUBL296.107 APPS24 PsN: PUBL296
PUBLIC LAW 107–296—NOV. 25, 2002 116 STAT. 2141
(9) The term ‘‘key resources’’ means publicly or privately
controlled resources essential to the minimal operations of the
economy and government.
(10) The term ‘‘local government’’ means—
(A) a county, municipality, city, town, township, local
public authority, school district, special district, intrastate
district, council of governments (regardless of whether the
council of governments is incorporated as a nonprofit cor poration under State law), regional or interstate govern ment entity, or agency or instrumentality of a local govern ment;
(B) an Indian tribe or authorized tribal organization,
or in Alaska a Native village or Alaska Regional Native
Corporation; and
(C) a rural community, unincorporated town or village,
or other public entity.
(11) The term ‘‘major disaster’’ has the meaning given
in section 102(2) of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and
Emergency Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 5122).
(12) The term ‘‘personnel’’ means officers and employees.
(13) The term ‘‘Secretary’’ means the Secretary of Home land Security.
(14) The term ‘‘State’’ means any State of the United States,
the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico,
the Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, the Commonwealth
of the Northern Mariana Islands, and any possession of the
United States.
(15) The term ‘‘terrorism’’ means any activity that—
(A) involves an act that—
(i) is dangerous to human life or potentially
destructive of critical infrastructure or key resources;
and
(ii) is a violation of the criminal laws of the United
States or of any State or other subdivision of the United
States; and
(B) appears to be intended—
(i) to intimidate or coerce a civilian population;
(ii) to influence the policy of a government by
intimidation or coercion; or
(iii) to affect the conduct of a government by mass
destruction, assassination, or kidnapping.
(16)(A) The term ‘‘United States’’, when used in a
geographic sense, means any State of the United States, the
District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the
Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, the Commonwealth
of the Northern Mariana Islands, any possession of the United
States, and any waters within the jurisdiction of the United
States.
(B) Nothing in this paragraph or any other provision of
this Act shall be construed to modify the definition of ‘‘United
States’’ for the purposes of the Immigration and Nationality
Act or any other immigration or nationality law
Homeland Security Act 2002, Public Law 107-296 (dhs.gov)
Comments:
#DelegationofAuthority US Department of Homeland Security, Instruction 112-03-001, Issuing Delegations of Authority (dhs.gov)
Home | Homeland Security
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SEC. 3. CONSTRUCTION; SEVERABILITY.
Any provision of this Act held to be invalid or unenforceable
by its terms, or as applied to any person or circumstance, shall be construed so as to give it the maximum effect permitted by law, unless such holding shall be one of utter invalidity or unenforceability, in which event such provision shall be deemed severable from this Act and shall not affect the remainder thereof,
or the application of such provision to other persons not similarly situated or to other, dissimilar circumstances.
@M 369
@sophia-taniah and this here is the only thing that is supposed to be up and running right now! (4) The term ‘‘critical infrastructure’’ has the meaning given
that term in section 1016(e) of Public Law 107–56 (42 U.S.C.
5195c(e)).
@M369 https://www.congress.gov/107/plaws/publ56/PLAW-107publ56.htm
1 m
_______________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
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#CBP #ICE #HomelandSecurityAct [edited]
What Act was the U.S. Customs and Border Protection agency and the Immigration and Customs Enforcement Agency formed under?
The **U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP)** agency was established under the **Homeland Security Act of 2002**. This act, signed into law by President George W. Bush, aimed to enhance national security and public safety in response to the tragic events of 9/11. CBP’s primary mission is to enforce federal laws related to **border control, customs, trade, and immigration**. It coordinates security, trade facilitation, and enforcement functions while safeguarding the borders of the United States⁶⁷.
On the other hand, the **Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE)** agency has a longer history. Its functional roots date back more than **200 years**. However, ICE, as we know it today, was officially formed under the **Homeland Security Act of 2002**. This act created ICE by merging various immigration enforcement functions previously carried out by the **Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS)**. ICE’s mission includes immigration enforcement, investigation of illegal movement of people and goods, and prevention of terrorism⁶⁹.
In summary:
– **CBP**: Formed under the **Homeland Security Act of 2002**.
– **ICE**: Also formed under the **Homeland Security Act of 2002**, with a broader historical context that predates its modern establishment⁶.
Source: Conversation with Bing, 2024-02-29
(1) History of ICE | ICE. https://www.ice.gov/history.
(2) U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement – Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._Immigration_and_Customs_Enforcement.
(3) Fact Sheet: Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE). https://immigrationforum.org/article/fact-sheet-immigration-and-customs-enforcement-ice/.
(4) . https://bing.com/search?q=U.S.+Customs+and+Border+Protection+agency+formation+act.
(5) U.s. Customs And Border Protection – Oroville Port Of Entry. https://www.cbp.gov/about/contact/ports/wa.
(6) 6 U.S. Code § 211 – Establishment of U.S. Customs and Border Protection …. https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/6/211.
(7) CBP Through the Years | U.S. Customs and Border Protection. https://www.cbp.gov/about/history.
(8) History – National U.S. Customs Museum Foundation. https://customsmuseum.org/history/.
(9) Our History | USCIS. https://www.uscis.gov/about-us/our-history.
(10) Acts, Regulations and Other Regulatory Information. https://www.cbsa-asfc.gc.ca/agency-agence/actreg-loireg/legislation-eng.html.
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You can find the **Homeland Security Act of 2002** in PDF format on the following official sources:
1. **Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Website**: The full text of the act is available on the DHS website. You can download it directly from [here](https://www.dhs.gov/homeland-security-act-2002) ¹.
2. **WIPO Lex**: Another source provides the **English version** of the **Homeland Security Act of 2002** in both PDF and HTML formats. You can access it [here](https://www.wipo.int/wipolex/en/legislation/details/14808) ².
3. **U.S. Government Publishing Office (GPO)**: The GPO offers a comprehensive compilation of the act, including amendments. You can download it as a PDF from [this link](https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/COMPS-1143/pdf/COMPS-1143.pdf) ⁴.
Feel free to explore these resources to access the complete text of the act. 📜🇺🇸.
Source: Conversation with Bing, 2024-02-29
(1) Homeland Security Act of 2002. https://www.dhs.gov/homeland-security-act-2002.
(2) Homeland Security Act of 2002 (Public Law 107, 116 Stat. 2135),. https://www.wipo.int/wipolex/en/legislation/details/14808.
(3) Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United …. https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/COMPS-1143/pdf/COMPS-1143.pdf.
(4) Public Law 107–296 107th Congress An Act – Homeland Security. https://www.dhs.gov/xlibrary/assets/hr_5005_enr.pdf.
(5) en.wikipedia.org. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homeland_Security_Act_of_2002.”116 STAT. 2145PUBLIC LAW 107–296—NOV. 25, 2002
(d) OTHER OFFICERS.—To assist the Secretary in the perform-
ance of the Secretary’s functions, there are the following officers,
appointed by the President:
(1) A Director of the Secret Service.
(2) A Chief Information Officer.
(3) A Chief Human Capital Officer.
(4) A Chief Financial Officer.
(5) An Officer for Civil Rights and Civil Liberties.
(e) PERFORMANCE OF SPECIFIC FUNCTIONS.—Subject to the
provisions of this Act, every officer of the Department shall perform
the functions specified by law for the official’s office or prescribed
by the Secretary.”
The **Chief Human Capital Officer (CHCO)**, operating under the **Office of the Under Secretary for Management (MGMT)** within the **Department of Homeland Security (DHS)**, plays a crucial role in managing human resources and workforce-related matters. Let’s delve into the specific duties and functions of the CHCO:
1. **Human Capital Policy and Programs**: The CHCO oversees the development and implementation of policies and programs related to human capital management. This includes formulating guidelines for recruitment, retention, performance, and employee development.
2. **Human Resources Management and Services**: The CHCO ensures effective administration of human resources services. This encompasses areas such as personnel records, benefits, payroll, and employee relations.
3. **Human Capital Business Solutions**: The CHCO collaborates with other DHS components to design and implement innovative solutions for human capital challenges. These solutions aim to enhance workforce effectiveness and efficiency.
4. **Strategic Workforce Planning and Analysis**: The CHCO engages in strategic workforce planning, assessing current and future workforce needs based on the agency’s mission and strategic goals. This involves analyzing workforce demographics, skills, and competencies.
5. **Strategic Learning, Development, and Engagement**: The CHCO focuses on employee development and engagement. This includes training programs, career development opportunities, and initiatives to foster a positive work environment.
6. **Strategic Recruitment, Diversity, and Inclusion**: The CHCO leads efforts to attract a diverse and talented workforce. This involves promoting diversity, equity, and inclusion in recruitment practices and ensuring fair and equitable hiring processes.
In summary, the CHCO is instrumental in shaping the DHS workforce, aligning human capital strategies with organizational goals, and fostering a productive and inclusive work environment¹².
Source: Conversation with Bing, 2024-02-29
(1) Office of the Under Secretary for Management – Homeland Security. https://www.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/publications/mgmt/human-resources/mgmt-dir_252-02-office-of-the-under-secretary-for-mgmt_rev-00.pdf.
(2) Office of the Chief Human Capital Officer | Homeland Security. https://www.dhs.gov/office-chief-human-capital-officer.
(3) What is a CHCO and Why Do We Have Them? – FedSmith. https://www.fedsmith.com/2018/05/01/what-is-a-chco-and-why-do-we-have-them/.
(4) Under Secretary of Homeland Security for Management. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Under_Secretary_of_Homeland_Security_for_Management.
Comments:
**U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP)** agents and officers operate under a comprehensive legal framework that guides their actions and responsibilities. Here are some key statutes and codes that limit and define their authority:
1. **United States Code (U.S.C.)**: The U.S.C. contains federal laws passed by Congress. CBP officers enforce various provisions from different titles within the U.S.C. Some relevant titles include:
– **Customs Duties (Title 19 USC)**: Governs customs regulations, import/export duties, and trade-related matters.
– **Immigration and Nationality (Title 8 USC)**: Addresses immigration laws, including entry, admission, and removal of aliens.
– **Crimes and Criminal Procedures (Title 18 USC)**: Pertains to criminal offenses, investigations, and prosecutions.
– **Trade and Commerce (Title 15 USC)**: Covers trade practices, tariffs, and economic regulations.
– **Agriculture (Title 7 USC)**: Relates to agricultural products, plant health, and animal quarantine.
– **Transportation (Title 49 USC)**: Deals with transportation safety and security.
– **Money and Finance (Title 31 USC)**: Addresses financial matters and currency.
– **Public Health (Title 42 USC)**: Concerns health-related regulations.
– And more¹.
2. **6 U.S. Code § 211**: This statute establishes CBP’s mission and responsibilities, including coordinating security, trade facilitation, and interdiction of illegal entries and goods. It emphasizes both security and efficient flow of legitimate travelers and trade³.
3. **Public Laws**: Various public laws passed by Congress impact CBP operations. These laws cover topics such as border security, trade, and travel. For specific details, refer to the official public laws².
In summary, CBP officers’ actions are guided by a combination of federal statutes, regulations, and agency policies, ensuring effective border management while respecting legal boundaries..
Source: Conversation with Bing, 2024-03-11
(1) Summary of Laws Enforced by CBP – U.S. Customs and Border Protection. https://www.cbp.gov/trade/rulings/summary-laws-enforced/us-code.
(2) 6 U.S. Code § 211 – Establishment of U.S. Customs and Border Protection …. https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/6/211.
(3) Public Laws | U.S. Customs and Border Protection. https://www.cbp.gov/about/congressional-resources/references-reports/public-laws.
(4) U.S. Customs and Border Protection | U.S. Customs and Border Protection. https://www.cbp.gov/.
(5) linkedin.com. https://www.linkedin.com/company/customs-and-border-protection.
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#law #AdministrativeProceduresAct
[edited]]
Administrative law refers to the branch of law governing the creation and operation of administrative agencies. The powers granted to administrative agencies are particularly important, along with the substantive rules that such agencies make, and the legal relationships between agencies, other government bodies, and the public at large.
Overview:
Administrative law encompasses laws and legal principles governing the administration and regulation of government agencies (both federal and state). Agencies are delegated power by Congress (or in the case of a state agency, the state legislature), to act as agencies responsible for carrying out certain prerogatives from Congress. Agencies are created through their own organic statutes, which establish new laws, and in doing so, create the respective agencies to interpret, administer, and enforce those new laws. Generally, administrative agencies are created to protect a public interest rather than to vindicate private rights…..
Statutory Regulation of Agencies:
However, despite the agencies’ enormous powers, the governmental agencies must still act within Constitutional and statutory parameters. These and other limits have been codified, for the most part, into a statute known as the Administrative Procedure Act (APA) and state analogs, which provides for the roles and powers of all the agencies, and the procedures by which they must abide by in all their functions. APA categorizes administrative functions into formal and informal rulemaking and adjudication, which have binding effects, as well as guidance, which has no binding effect. The APA further prescribes certain procedural rules by which the agencies need to follow before acting in one of the functions listed.
law
Primary tabs
Law refers to a system of rules that regulate the conduct of a community, and is often enforced by a controlling authority through penalties.
When people refer to the “law” of the United States, they most likely mean its law system. The U.S. employs a common law system, which means the laws are typically derived from judicial decisions instead of statutes. A common law system relies on decisions made by judges on cases that have come to trial, and the compilation of these decisions is called case law. Other countries, such as Japan, employ a civil law system, which relies on codes that explicitly specify the rules that judges must follow in order to come to a decision. In such a system, decisions are often not subject to individual interpretation.
“Law” can also mean “state law,” which includes common law, statutes, and regulations. The same is true for “federal law.”
Yet another distinction of law is that between procedural law and substantive law. “Procedural law” refers to the guarantees of specific procedural methods and rules, and is distinguished from “substantive law,” which refers to the rights and duties of everyday conduct, such as those related to contract law and tort law.
Additionally, international law is “composed only of those rules that States universally abide by, or accede to, out of a sense of legal obligation and mutual concern.” (See Flores v. Southern Peru Copper Corporation)
[Last updated in July of 2023 by the Wex Definitions Team]
https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/administrative_law
Comments:
#statutes statute
Primary tabs
A statute is a law enacted by a legislature. Statutes are also called acts, such as the Civil Rights Act of 1964 or the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Federal laws must be passed by both houses of Congress, the House of Representative and the Senate, and then usually require approval from the President before they can take effect.
As explained by the Library of Congress, enacted federal statutes are published multiple times. First, each individual law is published as a “slip law.” Then, all of the slip laws for each session of Congress are published together as “session laws.” Finally, all laws that are of a “general and permanent nature” are eventually compiled into the United States Code, and also the Revised Statutes of the United States.
State statutes can be found through this list. Readers can also attempt to find state statutes organized by topic here.
[Last updated in May of 2020 by the Wex Definitions Team]
https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/statute
___________________________________________________
Private Ministerial Action Process
Edited
**U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP)** operates independently and is not directly under the authority of the **Office of the U.S. Attorney General**. Let’s delve into the details:
1. **CBP’s Role**:
– CBP is one of the world’s largest law enforcement organizations, with over **60,000 employees**. Its primary mission is to regulate and facilitate international trade, collect import duties, and enforce U.S. regulations related to trade, customs, and immigration ⁴⁶.
– CBP plays a crucial role in securing the nation’s borders, preventing illegal entry, and ensuring lawful international travel and trade.
2. **Authority of CBP Agents**:
– CBP agents exercise authority granted under **federal statutes and regulations**. As federal officers, they have specific powers related to search, interrogation, and arrest, as authorized by law ⁵.
– Their responsibilities include border security, customs enforcement, immigration enforcement, and protecting against terrorism. They are the terrorists, so how are they protecting against terrorism?? They are actually perpetuating moronism
3. **Distinct from the U.S. Attorney General**:
– While the U.S. Attorney General oversees the **Department of Justice (DOJ)**, CBP falls under the **Department of Homeland Security (DHS)**.
– The Attorney General’s authority extends to the entire DOJ, which includes various agencies such as the **Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)**, the **Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)**, and the **Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF)**.
– CBP’s authority is specific to its border-related functions.
In summary, CBP operates independently within the DHS framework, focusing on border security and trade facilitation. Its authority is distinct from that of the U.S. Attorney General, who oversees broader legal matters across federal agencies. 🇺🇸.
Source: Conversation with Bing, 2024-02-19
(1) About CBP | U.S. Customs and Border Protection. https://www.cbp.gov/about.
(2) U.S. Customs and Border Protection – Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._Customs_and_Border_Protection.
(3) Authority of U.S. Customs and Border Protection Agents: An Overview. https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/research/authority-us-customs-and-border-protection-agents-overview.
(4) . https://bing.com/search?q=U.S.+Customs+and+Border+Protection+agency+authority.
(5) U.s. Customs And Border Protection – Oroville Port Of Entry. https://www.cbp.gov/about/contact/ports/wa.
(6) U.S. Customs and Border Protection | U.S. Customs and Border Protection. https://www.cbp.gov/.
(7) linkedin.com. https://www.linkedin.com/company/customs-and-border-protection.
_______________________________________________
On **March 1, 2003**, the **U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP)** was established as the nation’s **first comprehensive border security agency**. Its primary focus is to **maintain the integrity of the nation’s boundaries and ports of entry**. Before CBP, security, compliance, and facilitation of international travel and trade were handled by multiple organizations. The consolidation of these roles allowed CBP to develop seamless security procedures while ensuring compliance with the nation’s immigration, health, and international trade laws and regulations³.
CBP’s creation brought together several legacy agencies and their rich traditions:
1. **U.S. Customs Service (1789)**:
– The U.S. Customs Service, tracing its functions back to **July 31, 1789**, played a pivotal role as the progenitor of numerous federal bureaus and agencies.
– Although the Customs Service closed with the establishment of CBP, its commissioner became the leader of CBP, and most of its staff and responsibilities transitioned to CBP.
2. **Immigration Inspectors (1891)**:
– Immigration inspectors’ responsibilities date back to the establishment of the **Office of the Superintendent of Immigration** on **March 3, 1891**.
3. **Agriculture Inspectors (1912)**:
– Agriculture inspectors’ roles can be traced to the passage of the **Plant Quarantine Act** on **August 20, 1912**.
4. **Border Patrol Agents (1924)**:
– Border Patrol agents have been responsible for maintaining the integrity of U.S. borders since **Congress authorized their hiring** on **May 28, 1924**.
5. **Office of Air and Marine (2006)**:
– In addition to the core specialties, CBP developed an air and marine monitoring capability with the formation of its third uniformed division, the **Office of Air and Marine**, on **January 17, 2006**.
6. **Office of International Trade (2006)**:
– The **Office of International Trade (OT)** was established on **October 15, 2006**, consolidating trade policy, program development, and compliance measurement functions within CBP.
CBP’s specialized corps includes not only uniformed ranks but also forensic scientists, international trade specialists, public affairs officers, and other experts who work together to enhance CBP’s processes. As CBP progresses into its second decade, it aims for a fully integrated approach to international security, trade, and travel, making the world safer and driving continuous operational improvement³⁴.
Source: Conversation with Bing, 2024-02-19
(1) CBP Through the Years | U.S. Customs and Border Protection. https://www.cbp.gov/about/history.
(2) 1924: Border Patrol Established – U.S. Customs and Border Protection. https://www.cbp.gov/about/history/1924-border-patrol-established.
(3) . https://bing.com/search?q=U.S.+Customs+and+Border+Protection+agency+creation.
(4) U.s. Customs And Border Protection – Oroville Port Of Entry. https://www.cbp.gov/about/contact/ports/wa.
______________________________________________
Certainly! **Employees of the U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP)** are subject to a set of standards and regulations that govern their conduct. Let’s explore this in detail:
1. **Ethical Conduct and Standards**:
– CBP employees are bound by the **Standards of Ethical Conduct for Employees of the Executive Branch** as outlined in **5 CFR part 2635**.
– Additionally, CBP has its own **Supplemental Standards of Ethical Conduct** specific to DHS employees. These standards supplement the broader ethical guidelines and provide additional rules and guidance¹.
2. **Applicability**:
– The regulations apply to **all DHS employees** and ensure ethical behavior in their official duties.
– CBP employees must adhere to these standards, which cover areas such as **conflicts of interest**, **outside employment**, and **reporting waste, fraud, abuse, and corruption**¹.
3. **Cross-References**:
– In addition to the above, CBP employees are also subject to other ethics regulations and guidance:
– **Executive branch financial disclosure regulations** (5 CFR parts 2634)
– **Executive branch financial interests regulations** (5 CFR part 2640)
– **Executive branch employee responsibilities and conduct regulations** (5 CFR part 735)
– **DHS-specific guidance and procedures on employee conduct**¹.
4. **Authority and Oversight**:
– CBP’s compliance with these regulations is overseen by the **DHS Designated Agency Ethics Official (DAEO)**.
– Internal instructions and manuals related to ethics must be approved by the DAEO before issuance¹.
5. **Constitutional Boundaries**:
– CBP employees, like all U.S. government employees, are bound by the **U.S. Constitution** and its provisions.
– The Constitution establishes fundamental rights and principles that apply to all citizens, including government employees.
In summary, CBP employees must follow both the specific regulations governing their agency and the broader ethical standards applicable to federal employees. Their actions are guided by legal and constitutional boundaries, ensuring integrity, transparency, and accountability in their service to the nation. 🇺🇸
Source: Conversation with Bing, 2024-02-19
(1) PART 4601—SUPPLEMENTAL STANDARDS OF ETHICAL CONDUCT FOR EMPLOYEES OF …. https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-5/chapter-XXXVI/part-4601.
(2) Ethics/Standards of Conduct | U.S. Customs and Border Protection. https://www.cbp.gov/about/ethics-standards-conduct.
(3) 5 CFR Part 4601 – LII / Legal Information Institute. https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/5/part-4601.
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[1]: https://www.cbp.gov/about/ethics-standards-conduct “”
[3]: https://www.cbp.gov/sites/default/files/assets/documents/2021-Jan/cbp-standards-conduct-2020_0.pdf “”
Yes, the U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) has established **Ethics/Standards of Conduct** that outline the ethical conduct and responsibilities of all CBP employees. These standards are set forth in the **Standards of Ethical Conduct for Employees of the Executive Branch** and are supplemented by agency-specific regulations¹[1].
Additionally, the **Commissioner of CBP** is responsible for establishing the standards of professional and ethical conduct for all CBP employees. The **Assistant Commissioner, Office of Human Resources Management (HRM)**, is responsible for formulating CBP’s policy and guidance on these standards²[3].
At the sector level, **ethics and integrity committees** exist throughout the United States Border Patrol (USBP). These committees address insights unique to their local work environments and provide a local perspective to USBP’s national effort to limit vulnerability to corruption and reinforce standards of professionalism³[4].
For more detailed information or specific inquiries, you can refer to the CBP’s official documentation on their ethics and standards of conduct¹[1]. 😊
Source: Conversation with Bing, 2024-04-30
(1) Ethics/Standards of Conduct | U.S. Customs and Border Protection. https://www.cbp.gov/about/ethics-standards-conduct.
(2) U.S. CUSTOMS AND BORDER PROTECTION STANDARDS OF CONDUCT. https://www.cbp.gov/sites/default/files/assets/documents/2021-Jan/cbp-standards-conduct-2020_0.pdf.
(3) CBP Staff Professionalism – Homeland Security. https://www.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/publications/CBP%20Staff%20Professionalism%20-%20FY%202015.pdf.
(4) CBP Directive 51735-013B: U.S Customs and Border Protection Standards …. https://www.cbp.gov/document/directives/cbp-directive-51735-013b-us-customs-and-border-protection-standards-conduct.
(5) linkedin.com. https://www.linkedin.com/company/customs-and-border-protection.
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[2]: https://www.cbp.gov/about/contact/cbp-hq “”
[3]: https://www.cbp.gov/about/leadership-organization/executive-assistant-commissioners-offices “”
The Assistant Commissioner for the Office of Human Resources Management for U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) is **Ms. Andrea J. Bright**¹[1]. In her role, she oversees human resource services for more than 60,000 CBP employees, covering areas such as organization design, hiring, workforce planning and analysis, pay and compensation, retirement benefits and planning, executive services, employee benefits, occupational safety and health, labor and employee relations, workforce resiliency and wellness, and recruitment and placement¹[1].
For contact information, you can reach out to the CBP INFO Center:
– **Phone**: (877) CBP-5511 (within the U.S.)
– **Phone**: +1 (202) 325-8000 (outside the U.S.)
– **Email**: You can submit questions or requests through the [CBP’s contact form](https://www.cbp.gov/about/contact/cbp-hq).
Please note that due to privacy and security reasons, direct contact details for specific individuals within federal agencies are not typically disclosed to the public. For more detailed inquiries, you may use the contact information provided to get in touch with the CBP’s Office of Human Resources Management. Remember to communicate respectfully and clearly state the purpose of your correspondence. 😊
Source: Conversation with Bing, 2024-04-30
(1) Assistant Commissioner Andrea J. Bright | U.S. Customs and Border …. https://www.cbp.gov/about/leadership-organization/executive-assistant-commissioners-offices/enterprise-services-assistant-commissioners-offices/human-resources-management.
(2) CBP Headquarters | U.S. Customs and Border Protection. https://www.cbp.gov/about/contact/cbp-hq.
(3) Executive Assistant Commissioners’ Offices | U.S. Customs and Border …. https://www.cbp.gov/about/leadership-organization/executive-assistant-commissioners-offices.
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**U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE)** was formed under the **Homeland Security Act of 2002**, following the events of **September 11, 2001**³. However, the history of ice itself has a fascinating backstory!
In the early 1800s, a Boston entrepreneur named **Frederic Tudor** saw potential in frozen ponds. He not only introduced the world to cold glasses of water on hot summer days but also created a thirst people never realized they had. Tudor’s vision led to the birth of the ice industry.
Here’s how it all began:
1. **Frederic Tudor’s Idea**:
– In **1805**, two wealthy brothers from Boston enjoyed the rare luxuries of cold beverages and ice cream at a family picnic.
– They joked about how their chilled refreshments would be the envy of colonists sweating in the West Indies.
– Frederic Tudor took this passing remark seriously and envisioned shipping ice from New England to the Caribbean.
2. **The Ice King Emerges**:
– Despite skepticism, Frederic convinced his brother, William, to join him in the ice venture.
– They pooled their money and planned to create a monopoly on ice in the French island of Martinique.
– In **1806**, Frederic shipped 80 tons of ice to Martinique, but no one wanted to buy it.
– Undeterred, he persisted, and by **1810**, his ice business turned a profit.
3. **Challenges and Persistence**:
– War, weather, and financial woes tested Frederic’s resolve.
– He faced trade embargoes, family bailouts, and other obstacles.
– Yet, he drummed up enough money to send more shipments of ice to the Caribbean and India.
4. **Legacy of the Ice King**:
– Frederic Tudor became known as the **”Ice King”**.
– His industry transformed how Americans used and thought of ice.
– Ice became possible even during ice famines or hot summers, thanks to Frederic’s innovations¹.
So, while ICE (the agency) emerged in the 21st century, the cool history of ice dates back to Frederic Tudor’s entrepreneurial spirit in the early 1800s! 🧊🇺🇸.
Source: Conversation with Bing, 2024-02-19
(1) U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement – Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._Immigration_and_Customs_Enforcement.
(2) The Surprisingly Cool History of Ice | Mental Floss. https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/22407/surprisingly-cool-history-ice.
(3) History of Ice | First Commercial Ice Production | Reddy Ice. https://www.reddyice.com/the-chilling-history-of-ice/.
(4) The History of Human-Made Ice | Discover Magazine. https://www.discovermagazine.com/the-sciences/the-history-of-human-made-ice.
(5) en.wikipedia.org. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice.
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On February 19th, 2024 we sent a notice to the Custodian of the Record for U.S. CBP DHS agency click on the link below if interested..
We are also going to send similar records request to Immigration and Customs Enforcement
Preparing a Quo Warranto:
https://docs.google.com/document/d/10itc0MY8OxgxgCtKvYVujJdyeSsJHLILRbA_uEui4GE/edit?usp=sharing
Comments
The **U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS)** has established a system for delegating authority within the department. Here are the key points regarding delegations of authority:
1. **Instruction 112-03-001**:
– The DHS issues **Delegations of Authority** through **Instruction 112-03-001**.
– This instruction implements **DHS Directive 112-03**, which governs delegations of authority within the department.
– There are three types of delegations:
– **Executive Level Delegations**: These are signed by the **Office of the Secretary**.
– **Component Delegations**: These are signed by **Component heads** (leaders of specific DHS components).
– **Internal Delegations**: These exist within a component and are signed below the component head level.
– Note that Directive 112-03 does not cover internal delegations ¹.
2. **Definitions**:
– **Component Delegation**: Documents the specific responsibility and authority of a component head (e.g., Customs and Border Protection, Immigration and Customs Enforcement) to certain subordinate officials.
– **Delegation of Authority (Delegation)**: Designates an individual as authorized to act on behalf of the Secretary, Office of the Secretary, or component heads. Individuals are identified by title or position, not by name (with exceptions for individuals outside DHS).
– **Executive Level Delegation**: Documents the specific responsibility and authority of the Secretary or Deputy Secretary to DHS personnel or other agencies.
– **Internal Delegation**: Documents authority within a component but below the component head level ¹.
3. **Responsibilities**:
– The **Office of the Chief Administrative Officer (MGMT/OCAO)**:
– Provides advice and assistance in drafting delegations.
– Reviews draft delegations for formatting, clarity, and consistency.
– Assigns delegation numbers and maintains electronic document control.
– Coordinates internal clearance and approval processes.
– Ensures approved documents are accessible via electronic means.
– The **Office of the General Counsel (OGC)** also plays a role in this process ¹.
4. **Authority of the Secretary of Homeland Security**:
– According to **8 CFR § 2.1**, the Secretary of Homeland Security has the discretion to delegate authority or functions to officials, officers, or employees within the department or to any employee of the United States, as authorized by law ².
In summary, DHS ensures that delegations of authority are well-defined, transparent, and consistent across its components, allowing for effective decision-making and accountability within the department 🇺🇸.
Source: Conversation with Bing, 2024-02-19
(1) US Department of Homeland Security, Instruction 112-03-001, Issuing …. https://www.dhs.gov/xlibrary/assets/foia/mgmt_instruction_112_03_001_issuing_delegations_of_authority.pdf.
(2) 8 CFR § 2.1 – Authority of the Secretary of Homeland Security.. https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/8/2.1.
(3) United States Department of Homeland Security – Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Homeland_Security.
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All agencies are “at all times amenable” by the people though 😊
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@MalikaDulce yes, we have been asleep at the helm… the alarm bell has gone off, time to steer the ship in the right direction … 🙂 ❤ #amenable (adj.)
1590s, “liable to make answer or defense, accountable,” from Anglo-French amenable, from Old French amener “bring, take, conduct, lead” (to the law), from “to” (see ad-) + mener “to lead,” from Latin minare “to drive (cattle) with shouts,” variant of minari “to threaten,” also “to jut, project” (from PIE root *men-
(2) “to project”). The sense of “tractable” is from 1803, on the notion
of “disposed to answer or submit to influence.” Related: Amenably.also from 1590s https://www.etymonline.com/word/amenable
1 m
#CBP #DHS #ICE #CustomsaandBorderProtection
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[1]: https://www.tsa.gov/leader-bios/information-technology “”
[3]: https://nationalcioreview.com/cios-on-the-move/tsa-appoints-new-chief-technology-and-data-officer/ “”
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Yes, the Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA), which is responsible for border protection in Canada, is led by a President. As of the latest information available, **Erin O’Gorman** is serving as the President of the CBSA². The CBSA operates under the direction of the President and is accountable to Parliament through the Minister of Public Safety, currently **The Honourable Dominic LeBlanc**³.
Regarding the position of an executive commissioner for enterprise services within the CBSA, there is no specific mention of such a role in the available information. The CBSA’s organizational structure includes various vice-presidents and directors responsible for different aspects of the agency’s operations⁴⁸. If you’re looking for information on a specific department or service within the CBSA, I can help you find more detailed information.
Source: Conversation with Bing, 2024-05-03
(1) Erin O’Gorman, President, Canada Border Services Agency. https://www.cbsa-asfc.gc.ca/agency-agence/pr-bio-eng.html.
(2) Canada Border Services Agency – Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canada_Border_Services_Agency.
(3) Overview: President transition 2022. https://www.cbsa-asfc.gc.ca/transparency-transparence/pd-dp/tb-ct/pres/2022/overview-apercu-eng.html.
(4) Denis Vinette | Government of Canada – GOC411. https://www.goc411.ca/en/373689/Denis-Vinette.
(5) Canada Border Services Agency. https://www.cbsa-asfc.gc.ca/menu-eng.html.
(6) Departmental and Portfolio Organizational Charts – Public Safety Canada. https://www.publicsafety.gc.ca/cnt/trnsprnc/brfng-mtrls/trnstn-bndrs/20191120/005/index-en.aspx.
(7) Brett Bush | Government of Canada – GOC411. https://www.goc411.ca/en/433388/Brett-Bush.
(8) Erin O?Gorman | Government of Canada – GOC411. https://www.goc411.ca/en/441211/Erin-O%3FGorman.
(9) en.wikipedia.org. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canada_Border_Services_Agency.
[5]: https://www.tsa.gov/about/tsa-leadership “”
[6]: https://www.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/publications/privacy-pia-tsa-tcc047-january2018.pdf “”
[7]: https://www.dhs.gov/privacy-office-contacts “”
The current Chief Privacy Officer for the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) is **Philip S. Kaplan**. You can contact him at the following details:
– **Phone**: (202) 343-1717
– **Email**: Not provided in the search results, but you can typically contact the privacy office of the TSA through the email provided on their official website¹[6].
For more detailed inquiries or specific concerns, you might want to visit the TSA’s official website or the Department of Homeland Security’s privacy office contacts page²[7].
Source: Conversation with Bing, 2024-05-01
(1) TSA Contact Center – Homeland Security. https://www.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/publications/privacy-pia-tsa-tcc047-january2018.pdf.
(2) Privacy Office Contacts | Homeland Security. https://www.dhs.gov/privacy-office-contacts.
(3) Information Technology | Transportation Security Administration. https://www.tsa.gov/leader-bios/information-technology.
(4) TSA plans to set up ‘data mesh,’ coordinate efforts through cloud …. https://federalnewsnetwork.com/big-data/2023/11/tsa-plans-to-set-up-data-mesh-coordinate-efforts-through-cloud-center-of-excellence/.
(5) TSA Appoints New Chief Technology Officer. https://nationalcioreview.com/cios-on-the-move/tsa-appoints-new-chief-technology-and-data-officer/.
(6) USCIS deputy to become TSA CIO – Federal News Network. https://federalnewsnetwork.com/reporters-notebook-jason-miller/2022/04/uscis-deputy-to-become-tsa-cio/.
(7) Leadership and Organization | Transportation Security Administration. https://www.tsa.gov/about/tsa-leadership.
(8) Getty Images. https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/news-photo/transportation-security-administration-wears-his-patch-at-news-photo/2550055.
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Ryan J. Scudder assumed the role of Executive Assistant Commissioner (EAC) for Enterprise Services (ES) at U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) in Washington, DC on July 2, 2023. In this position, he leads approximately 4,000 ES personnel at over 200 locations across the United States, providing mission-critical support to all CBP employees and operations. The ES portfolio includes programming for a $16B+ annual appropriated CBP budget; 116 acquisition programs, demos, and investments valued at $5B; more than 5,500 facilities; over 24,000 vehicles; $8.1B in property assets; over 3,000 hiring actions per year; 12 national training academies and centers; and an IT infrastructure consisting of a data center supporting the over 60,000 users and 27 mission-essential systems. Prior to this assignment, he served as the Directorate Chief of the Strategic Planning and Analysis Directorate within the United States Border Patrol (USBP) starting in October 2020. During his 29 years of federal service, EAC Scudder has served 22 years in various leadership positions throughout the Agency.
y.https://www.cbp.gov/about/leadership-organization/executive-assistant-commissioners-offices/enterprise-services
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The purpose of Enterprise Services within the U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) is to provide centralized mission support through a range of offices that work together under one organizational structure. As a result of the 2016 CBP Headquarters Realignment, Enterprise Services became officially operational, with the aim of enhancing efficiency and coordination across various support functions.
Under the Executive Assistant Commissioner for Enterprise Services, the following eight mission support offices are included:
– **Office of Accountability**
– **Office of Finance**
– **Office of Human Resources Management**
– **Office of Training and Development**
– **Office of Facilities and Asset Management**
– **Office of Information and Technology**
– **Office of Acquisition**
– **Office of Programming**
These offices collaborate to support CBP’s overarching goals, which include protecting the American people, facilitating trade and travel, and improving the agency’s capability to operate in a focused, threat-based, and data-driven manner¹².
Source: Conversation with Bing, 2024-05-03
(1) Enterprise Services Officially Operational | U.S. Customs and Border …. https://www.cbp.gov/about/history/timeline/timeline-date/enterprise-services-officially-operational.
(2) U.S. Customs and Border Protection STRATEGY 2021–2026. https://www.cbp.gov/sites/default/files/assets/documents/2020-Dec/CBP-Strategy-2021-2026.pdf.
(3) CBP Announces $100M Recompete Contract for Enterprise Network …. https://executivebiz.com/2023/09/cbp-announces-100m-recompete-contract-for-enterprise-network-architecture-services-support/.
(4) U.S. Customs and Border Protection Awards Support Service Contract. https://www.cbp.gov/newsroom/national-media-release/us-customs-and-border-protection-awards-support-service-contract.
(5) EBMSS 2.0 – U.S. Customs and Border Protection. https://www.cbp.gov/newsroom/spotlights/office-information-and-technology-introduces-two-new-blanket-purchasing
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Certainly! Here is the contact information for **The Honourable Dominic LeBlanc**, the current Minister of Public Safety:
– **Ottawa Office**:
– **Address**: House of Commons, Ottawa, ON K1A 0A6 (No postage required!)
– **Phone**: 613-992-1020¹
– **Constituency Office** (Main office – Shediac):
– **Address**: 328 Main Street, Suite I, Shediac, New Brunswick E4P 2E3
– **Phone**: 506-533-5700¹
– **Email**: dominic.leblanc@parl.gc.ca¹
Please note that this information is based on the latest available details and could be subject to change. For the most current information, it’s always best to verify with the official government websites or contact them directly.
Source: Conversation with Bing, 2024-05-03
(1) Contact Dominic LeBlanc | openparliament.ca. https://openparliament.ca/politicians/dominic-leblanc/contact/.
(2) The Honourable Dominic LeBlanc MP – Canada.ca. https://www.canada.ca/en/government/ministers/dominic-leblanc.html.
(3) Profile – Parliament of Canada. https://lop.parl.ca/sites/ParlInfo/default/en_CA/People/Profile?personId=14335.
(4) Minister LeBlanc introduces legislation to further strengthen Canada’s …. https://www.canada.ca/en/democratic-institutions/news/2024/03/minister-leblanc-introduces-legislation-to-further-strengthen-canadas-electoral-process.html.
(5) Getty Images. https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/news-photo/newly-sworn-in-minister-of-intergovernmental-affairs-news-photo/1236146948..
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In Canada, airport security is overseen by the **Canadian Air Transport Security Authority (CATSA)**, which is a Crown corporation responsible for securing specific elements of the air transportation system. This includes the screening of passengers, their carry-on baggage, and airport workers¹. CATSA was established as part of an enhanced air travel security system following the events of September 11, 2001³.
Additionally, **Transport Canada** is responsible for the overall aviation security in Canada. The department develops, implements, and oversees Canada’s Civil Aviation Security Program⁴.
For any specific inquiries or further information, you can contact CATSA or Transport Canada directly through their official channels.
Source: Conversation with Bing, 2024-05-03
(1) Security Screening – CATSA – Canadian Air Transport Security Authority. https://www.catsa-acsta.gc.ca/en/security-screening.
(2) Canadian Air Transport Security Authority Commercialization. https://tc.canada.ca/en/corporate-services/transparency/briefing-documents-transport-canada/20191120/canadian-air-transport-security-authority-commercialization.
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The current President and Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of the Canadian Air Transport Security Authority (CATSA) is **Nada Semaan**. She joined CATSA on April 3, 2023, following a successful career at various levels of the Canadian federal government¹. If you need to contact CATSA for any inquiries or further information, you can reach out to their office through the official CATSA website.
Source: Conversation with Bing, 2024-05-03
(1) Executive Team – CATSA – Canadian Air Transport Security Authority. https://www.catsa-acsta.gc.ca/en/about-us/executive-team.
(2) Board of Directors – CATSA – Canadian Air Transport Security Authority. https://www.catsa-acsta.gc.ca/en/board-directors.
(3) Board of Directors – CATSA. https://catsav2.prod.cloud.openplus.ca/en/board-directors.
(4) en.wikipedia.org. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadian_Air_Transport_Security_Authority.
(3) Aviation Security – Oversight Program Description and Delivery – Fiscal …. https://tc.canada.ca/en/corporate-services/transparency/aviation-security-oversight-program-description-delivery-fiscal-year-2021-2022.
(4) About Us – CATSA – Canadian Air Transport Security Authority. https://www.catsa-acsta.gc.ca/en/about-us.
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In Canada, airport security is overseen by the **Canadian Air Transport Security Authority (CATSA)**, which is a Crown corporation responsible for securing specific elements of the air transportation system. This includes the screening of passengers, their carry-on baggage, and airport workers¹. CATSA was established as part of an enhanced air travel security system following the events of September 11, 2001³.
Additionally, **Transport Canada** is responsible for the overall aviation security in Canada. The department develops, implements, and oversees Canada’s Civil Aviation Security Program⁴.
For any specific inquiries or further information, you can contact CATSA or Transport Canada directly through their official channels.
Source: Conversation with Bing, 2024-05-03
(1) Security Screening – CATSA – Canadian Air Transport Security Authority. https://www.catsa-acsta.gc.ca/en/security-screening.
(2) Canadian Air Transport Security Authority Commercialization. https://tc.canada.ca/en/corporate-services/transparency/briefing-documents-transport-canada/20191120/canadian-air-transport-security-authority-commercialization.
(3) Aviation Security – Oversight Program Description and Delivery – Fiscal …. https://tc.canada.ca/en/corporate-services/transparency/aviation-security-oversight-program-description-delivery-fiscal-year-2021-2022.
(4) About Us – CATSA – Canadian Air Transport Security Authority. https://www.catsa-acsta.gc.ca/en/about-us.
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The Information Management Act (IMA) is a legislative framework that was established to modernize and streamline information management practices across government bodies. It came into force on May 10, 2016, replacing the 1936 Document Disposal Act (DDA). The IMA applies to all ministries, courts in a limited way, and designated public sector organizations¹.
Key aspects of the IMA include:
– **Transitioning** to digital storage and management of information.
– **Establishing digital archives** and requiring the archiving of information in digital form, with some exceptions.
– **Creating the role of a Chief Records Officer (CRO)** to approve information schedules, manage digital archives, and promote effective information management.
– **Obligating** government bodies to have systems in place to create adequate records of decisions, and to manage and secure all government information from creation to disposal or archiving¹.
The IMA was further amended on March 31, 2019, to enhance the powers of the CRO and add requirements for the head of a government body to ensure that an appropriate system is in place within the government body for creating and maintaining government information that is an adequate record of that government body’s decisions¹.
For Crown Corporations, this act ensures that there is a consistent and modern approach to managing information that is created or received in connection with government business. This includes information that must be held by law, documents decisions affecting individuals or operations, supports the organization’s policies, procedures, transactions, or operations, has archival value, or relates to court administration assigned to the Attorney General or government by law¹.
Source: Conversation with Bing, 2024-05-10
(1) A Practitioner’s Guide to the Information Management Act – Gov. https://www2.gov.bc.ca/assets/gov/british-columbians-our-governments/organizational-structure/crown-corporations/central-agencies/cirmo-spl/practitioners_guide_to_ima_v_40-1.pdf.
(2) Guidance for Crown Corporations – Canada.ca. https://www.canada.ca/en/treasury-board-secretariat/services/guidance-crown-corporations.html.
(3) A Practitioner’s Guide to the Information Management Act – Gov. https://bing.com/search?q=Information+Management+Act+for+Crown+Corporations.
(4) Information Management Act – Province of British Columbia. https://www2.gov.bc.ca/gov/content/governments/organizational-structure/ministries-organizations/central-government-agencies/corporate-information-records-management-office/information-management-act.
(5) Corporate Information & Records Management Office. https://www2.gov.bc.ca/gov/content/governments/organizational-structure/ministries-organizations/central-government-agencies/corporate-information-records-management-office.
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Conflict of Interest; Improper Use of Office
§ 25-4-101. Declaration of public policy.
The Legislature declares that elective and public office and employment is a public trust and any effort to realize personal gain through official conduct, other than as provided by law, or as a natural consequence of the employment or position, is a violation of that trust. Therefore, public servants shall endeavor to pursue a course of conduct which will not raise suspicion among the public that they are likely to be engaged in acts that are in violation of this trust and which will not reflect unfavorably upon the state and local governments.
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Under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 17(b), Louisiana state law governs the capacity of a state district court to be sued.13 By its metric, capacity belongs to a juridical person. The term is defined as “an entity to which the law attributes personality, such as a corporation or a partnership.”14 The Louisiana Supreme Court set forth a framework for determining an entity’s juridical status in Roberts v. Sewerage and Water Bd. of New Orleans.15 The Roberts court held that:
The important determination with respect to the juridical status or legal capacity of an entity is not its creator, nor its size, shape, or label. Rather the determination that must be made in each particular case is whether the entity can appropriately be regarded as an additional and separate government unit for the particular purpose at issue. In the absence of positive law to the contrary, a local government unit may be deemed to be a juridical person separate and distinct from other government entities, when the organic law grants it the legal capacity to function independently and not just as the agency or division of another governmental entity.
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“Legal existence” is a basic threshold; it serves as a prerequisite for having capacity to sue and means, at a minimum, that the individual suing is alive. 👉🏿legal existence Title 12 USC 614 certificate
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An agency is not authorized to enlarge the scope of or to supply omissions in a properly enacted statute, nor may the agency change the statute by interpretation or establish different standards within the statutes than those established by the Georgia General Assembly.
North Fulton Medical Center v. Stephenson, 269 Ga. 540, 501 S.E.2d 798 (1998)
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Murdock v Penn clearly established that no state could convert a secured liberty into a privilege and issue a license and a fee for it.
Who can comment at least ONE exercise of dominion [cf. ‘secured liberty’] that has been converted into a privilege and fee attached?
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freedomdove.net 
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